> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.internetobject.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.internetobject.org/structure-and-syntax/structural-elements.md).

# Structural Elements

The Internet Object format uses a small set of structural characters, literals, and other special characters to structure and delimit data. Working together with objects, strings, arrays, numbers, and whitespace, these elements compose the format's grammar and let documents express complex, flexible data structures.

## Categories

* [Structural Characters & Separators](/structure-and-syntax/structural-elements/structural-characters-n-keywords.md) — core syntax characters that organize data
* [Literals](/structure-and-syntax/structural-elements/literals.md) — predefined constant values (booleans, null, special numbers)
* [Other Special Characters](/structure-and-syntax/structural-elements/other-special-characters.md) — functional modifiers for variables, schemas, and values
* [Whitespace & Indentation](/structure-and-syntax/structural-elements/whitespaces.md) — recognized Unicode whitespace and its handling

## See Also

* [Value Representations](/structure-and-syntax/values.md) — data types and how values are written
* [Comments](/structure-and-syntax/comments.md) — comment syntax and usage
* [Encoding](/structure-and-syntax/encoding.md) — character encoding and Unicode support


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